Rs Se metabolism and results in dysregulation of selenoprotein expression inside the spleen, thymus, and lymph node of pigs (Sun et al., 2017). An animal study using a chicken model of Se deficiency has demonstrated the negative correlation betweenEdited by: Jing Wang, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, China Reviewed by: Haoyu Liu, Uppsala University, Sweden Yongxia Liu, Shandong Agricultural University, China Correspondence: Qiong Wu [email protected] Specialty section: This short article was submitted to Livestock Genomics, a section of your journal Frontiers in Genetics Received: 23 December 2020 Accepted: 02 February 2021 Published: 04 March 2021 Citation: Liu J-X, Chao X-Y, Chen P, Wang Y-D, Su T-J, Li M, Xu R-Y and Wu Q (2021) Transcriptome Analysis of Selenium-Treated Porcine Alveolar Macrophages Against Lipopolysaccharide Infection. Front. Genet. 12:645401. doi: ten.3389/fgene.2021.Frontiers in Genetics | www.frontiersin.orgMarch 2021 | Volume 12 | ArticleLiu et al.Transcriptome Analysis of PAMsSe deficiency and inflammation-related gene expression in skeletal muscle tissues (Wu et al., 2014). Se supplementation can attenuate inflammatory response and lung injury induced by a range of stimuli, including virus (Liu et al., 2015), bacteria (Xu et al., 2020), and heavy metal (Ghorbel et al., 2017). It was also reported that supplementation of Se to macrophages ameliorates the pro-inflammatory response induced by LPS (Vunta et al., 2008). Nonetheless, the possible molecular mechanism on the antiinflammatory function of Se continues to be unclear. Transcriptome sequencing is verified to be a effective tool to comprehensively view the immune response of porcine AMs (PAMs) to bacterial or viral infection (Kim et al., 2019; Park et al., 2020). Within this study, we performed transcriptome sequencing to deepen the understanding in the mechanism of Se defending PAMs against LPS infection.employing DESeq2 v1.24.0. The p-value was adjusted making use of Benjamini and Hochberg’s (BH) approach for controlling the false discovery rate. Genes with an adjusted p-value 0.05 and fold change (FC) 1.5 were assigned as DEGs.Enrichment, Venn, and Protein rotein Interaction Evaluation of DEGsGO enrichment evaluation determined by Fisher’s precise test was carried out to specify the prospective roles of DEGs working with Goatools v0.6.5. The p-value was adjusted by BH, and GO terms with adjusted p-value 0.05 were considered substantially enriched. KEGG enrichment evaluation was performed to evaluate substantially enriched signal transduction or metabolic pathways making use of KOBAS v2.1.1. A Venn diagram was generated using the R package Venndiagram. The protein rotein interaction (PPI) analysis of DEGs was according to the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins (STRING) database v11.0, and the minimum eIF4 Gene ID STRING score was set at 1,000. The interaction with a combined score 0.4 was regarded to become significant. The protein network was visualized applying HDAC10 Compound NetworkX.Components AND Techniques Cell Culture and TreatmentThe porcine lung alveolar macrophage cell line 3D4/31 (ATCC CRL-2844) was cultured in RPMI 1640 medium (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA) supplemented with ten heatinactivated fetal calf serum, one hundred U/ml of penicillin, 100 /ml of streptomycin, and 1 mM of sodium pyruvate. Confluent cell monolayers have been treated under 3 distinctive circumstances: (i) RPMI 1640 medium alone (CON group), (ii) LPS from Escherichia coli O111:B4 (1 /ml, three ml) infection alone (LPS group), and (iii) pretreatment with.