In time when car k leaves buyer i; hk could be the remaining drivable time of car k inside the time period h, then the calculation steps of vehicle k’s driving time tijk around the road section (i, j) are as follows: 1.h h h Calculate the travel time inside the initial period. dijk = gijk hk . If dijk Dij , then h h h h h h h tijk = Dij /gijk , tijk = tijk , end of calculation; If dijk Dij , Dij = Dij – dijk , tijk = hk , turn to step two. h h h h -1 h h h -1 h = 1; dijk = gijk F, if dijk Dij , then tijk = F, Dij = Dij – dijk ,2.Appl. Sci. 2021, 11, x FOR PEER REVIEWrepeat step two; otherwise, tijk = Dijhh -h /gijk , tijk = tijk , the calculation 6 of 25 in the h Hhdriving time of section (i, j) is completed.Speed… …………Period of timeFigure 1. Automobile speed in distinct time periods. diverse time periods.two.two.two. Freshness Loss Coefficient Function two.two.two. Freshness Loss Coefficient Function The freshness loss coefficient in the literature [32] was made use of to measure the freshness The freshness loss coefficient in the literature [32] was employed to measure the freshness loss of fresh merchandise: 0i = ( is /T )r ,exactly where is definitely the shelf life of agricultural products loss of fresh items: = ( T /) , where T is the shelf life of agricultural products along with the time when shoppers receive fresh goods productsr 0, 1) ,the time-sensitive and the time when shoppers get fresh Tis T, ( is (0,1) could be the time-sensitive adjustment element. Unique fresh items have diverse values, along with the adjustment factor. Diverse fresh items have distinctive values, along with the smaller sized the r smaller sized the value, the far more sensitive the agricultural products are to time. value, the additional sensitive the agricultural items are to time. two.two.three. Carbon Emission estimation Function So that you can quantitatively study the calculation of carbon emissions, this paper refers to the carbon emission estimation model in reference [33]. The carbon emission estimation function of freight FM4-64 web automobiles with automobile GYKI 52466 Neuronal Signaling weight among 3.5 t and 40 t is: = (1)Appl. Sci. 2021, 11,6 of2.2.three. Carbon Emission Estimation Function To be able to quantitatively study the calculation of carbon emissions, this paper refers for the carbon emission estimation model in reference [33]. The carbon emission estimation function of freight vehicles with automobile weight involving three.five t and 40 t is: h ( v ) = a0 a1 v a2 v2 a3 v3 a4 a a five six v v2 v3 (1)exactly where h (v) will be the carbon emission price (g/km) from the vehicle when it’s empty and running around the road with slope of 0, v could be the average speed from the car (km/h), plus the worth of parameter ( a0 , a1 , a2 , a3 , a4 , a5 , a6 ) is related towards the weight range of the vehicle. Load correction function is: h (v, ) = b0 b1 b2 two b3 three b4 v b5 v2 b6 v3 b7 v (2)where is definitely the ratio of your actual load of your vehicle to its capacity, is automobile speed (km/h), the parameter b for the correction coefficient of load, the worth is connected towards the weight array of the car. In the event the driving distance of automobile k in time period h is dh ijk (km), the calculation formula of its carbon emission Eh ijk (kg) is shown as follows: Eh ijk = h 2.two.4. Soft Time Windows Model Compared together with the standard hard time windows, soft time windows have many positive aspects [34]. For instance, if the time window is set as soft, the amount of vehicles employed and the total mileage of vehicles is often tremendously saved; the soft time windows model is more common and includes t.